{"id":5038,"date":"2021-02-23T17:39:48","date_gmt":"2021-02-23T09:39:48","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/nj.transwarp.cn:8180\/?p=5038"},"modified":"2025-11-18T14:53:56","modified_gmt":"2025-11-18T06:53:56","slug":"hdfs%e6%95%b0%e6%8d%ae%e5%bc%80%e5%90%af%e9%80%8f%e6%98%8e%e5%8a%a0%e5%af%86","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/kbwp.transwarp.cn\/?p=5038","title":{"rendered":"\u901a\u8fc7 HDFS\u52a0\u5bc6\u7a7a\u95f4\u5b9e\u73b0\u5bf9\u975eHolodesk\u8868\u6570\u636e\u6587\u4ef6\u52a0\u5bc6"},"content":{"rendered":"<h3>\u6982\u8981\u63cf\u8ff0<\/h3>\n<hr \/>\n<p>\u6570\u636e\u52a0\u5bc6\u662f\u5b89\u5168\u7ea7\u522b\u8981\u6c42\u8f83\u9ad8\u4f01\u4e1a\u6240\u5fc5\u987b\u7684\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u8bf4\u91d1\u878d\u884c\u4e1a\uff0c\u533b\u7597\u884c\u4e1a\u6216\u8005\u653f\u5e9c\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u77e5\u9053HDFS\u4e2d\u7684\u6570\u636e\u4f1a\u4ee5block\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\u4fdd\u5b58\u5728\u5404\u53f0\u6570\u636e\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u672c\u5730\u78c1\u76d8\u4e2d\uff0c\u4f46\u8fd9\u4e9bblock\u90fd\u662f\u660e\u6587\u7684\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u5728\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e0b\uff0c\u76f4\u63a5\u8bbf\u95eeblock\u6240\u5728\u7684\u76ee\u5f55\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7Linux\u7684cat\u547d\u4ee4\u662f\u53ef\u4ee5\u76f4\u63a5\u67e5\u770b\u91cc\u9762\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u7684\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u662f\u660e\u6587\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6211\u4eec\u77e5\u9053\u5728Hadoop\u96c6\u7fa4\u4e2d\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u5f00\u542fKerberos\/LDAP\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u7528\u6237\u8eab\u4efd\u7684\u8ba4\u8bc1\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7Guardian\u5b9e\u73b0\u6570\u636e\u8bbf\u95ee\u7684\u6743\u9650\u63a7\u5236\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5176\u5b9e\u65e0\u6cd5\u63a7\u5236\u975e\u6cd5\u7528\u6237\u5728\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u5c42\u9762\u76f4\u63a5\u8bbf\u95ee\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u76f4\u63a5\u62f7\u8d70disk\u91cc\u7684\u6240\u6709block\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u90fd\u662f\u660e\u6587\uff0c\u662f\u53ef\u4ee5\u76f4\u63a5\u67e5\u770b\u7684\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u65f6\u5019\u6211\u4eec\u5c31\u9700\u8981\u5bf9\u5173\u952e\u6570\u636e\u8fdb\u884c\u52a0\u5bc6\uff0c\u8ba9\u975e\u6cd5\u7528\u6237\u5373\u4f7f\u4ece\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u5c42\u9762\u62f7\u8d70\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u5bc6\u6587\uff0c\u6ca1\u6cd5\u67e5\u770b\u3002<\/p>\n<p>HDFS\u652f\u6301\u7aef\u5230\u7aef\u7684\u900f\u660e\u52a0\u5bc6\uff0c\u542f\u7528\u4ee5\u540e\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4e00\u4e9b\u9700\u8981\u52a0\u5bc6\u7684HDFS\u76ee\u5f55\u91cc\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b9e\u73b0\u900f\u660e\u7684\u52a0\u5bc6\u548c\u89e3\u5bc6\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u4fee\u6539\u7528\u6237\u7684\u4e1a\u52a1\u4ee3\u7801\u3002\u7aef\u5230\u7aef\u662f\u6307\u52a0\u5bc6\u548c\u89e3\u5bc6\u53ea\u80fd\u901a\u8fc7\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u52a0\u5bc6\u533a\u57df\u91cc\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\uff0cHDFS\u4fdd\u5b58\u7684\u5373\u662f\u52a0\u5bc6\u540e\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u6587\u4ef6\u52a0\u5bc6\u7684\u79d8\u94a5\u4e5f\u662f\u52a0\u5bc6\u7684\uff0cHDFS\u4e0d\u4f1a\u5b58\u50a8\u548c\u76f4\u63a5\u8bbf\u95ee\u79d8\u94a5\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4f20\u7edf\u6570\u636e\u7ba1\u7406\u8f6f\u4ef6\u6216\u8005\u786c\u4ef6\u7684\u52a0\u5bc6\u5305\u542b\u4e86\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u5c42\u7ea7\uff0c\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u5c42\u7ea7\u52a0\u5bc6\u6709\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u4f18\u70b9\u548c\u7f3a\u70b9\u3002<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-ruby\">1.\u5e94\u7528\u5c42\u52a0\u5bc6\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u6700\u5b89\u5168\u4e5f\u662f\u6700\u7075\u6d3b\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002\u52a0\u5bc6\u5185\u5bb9\u6700\u7ec8\u7531\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u6765\u63a7\u5236\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u53ef\u4ee5\u7cbe\u786e\u7684\u53cd\u6620\u7528\u6237\u7684\u9700\u6c42\u3002\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u7f16\u5199\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u52a0\u5bc6\u4e00\u822c\u90fd\u6bd4\u8f83\u56f0\u96be\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u6709\u4e9b\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u53ef\u80fd\u4e0d\u652f\u6301\u52a0\u5bc6\u3002\n2.\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u5c42\u52a0\u5bc6\uff0c\u7c7b\u4f3c\u4e8e\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u52a0\u5bc6\u3002\u5927\u591a\u6570\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u5382\u5546\u90fd\u63d0\u4f9b\u67d0\u79cd\u5f62\u5f0f\u7684\u52a0\u5bc6\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u6709\u6027\u80fd\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u53e6\u5916\u6bd4\u5982\u8bf4\u7d22\u5f15\u6ca1\u529e\u6cd5\u52a0\u5bc6\u3002\n3.\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u5c42\u52a0\u5bc6\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\u5bf9\u6027\u80fd\u5f71\u54cd\u4e0d\u5927\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u5bf9\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u662f\u900f\u660e\u7684\uff0c\u4e00\u822c\u4e5f\u6bd4\u8f83\u5bb9\u6613\u5b9e\u65bd\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7ec6\u7c92\u5ea6\u7684\u8981\u6c42\u7b56\u7565\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u65e0\u6cd5\u5b8c\u5168\u6ee1\u8db3\u3002\u6bd4\u5982\uff0c\u591a\u79df\u6237\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u53ef\u80fd\u9700\u8981\u5bf9\u6700\u7ec8\u7528\u6237\u8fdb\u884c\u52a0\u5bc6\uff0c\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u53ef\u80fd\u9700\u8981\u5bf9\u5355\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u91cc\u7684\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5217\u8fdb\u884c\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u52a0\u5bc6\u8bbe\u7f6e\u3002\n4.\u78c1\u76d8\u5c42\u52a0\u5bc6\uff0c\u6613\u4e8e\u90e8\u7f72\u548c\u9ad8\u6027\u80fd\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u76f8\u5f53\u4e0d\u7075\u6d3b\uff0c\u53ea\u80fd\u9632\u6b62\u7528\u6237\u4ece\u7269\u7406\u5c42\u9762\u76d7\u7a83\u6570\u636e\u3002<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>HDFS\u7684\u900f\u660e\u52a0\u5bc6\u5c5e\u4e8e\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u5c42\u548c\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u5c42\u7684\u52a0\u5bc6\u3002\u5b83\u6709\u5f88\u591a\u597d\u5904\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u4e0d\u9519\u7684\u6027\u80fd\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u73b0\u6709\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u662f\u900f\u660e\u7684\u3002\u5728\u5236\u5b9a\u7b56\u7565\u65f6\uff0cHDFS\u4e5f\u6bd4\u4f20\u7edf\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u6709\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u9009\u62e9\u3002<\/p>\n<p>HDFS\u52a0\u5bc6\u53ef\u4ee5\u9632\u6b62\u5728\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u6216\u4e4b\u4e0b\u7684\u653b\u51fb\uff0c\u4e5f\u53eb\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u7ea7\u522b\u7684\u653b\u51fb\uff08OS-level attacks\uff09\u3002\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u548c\u78c1\u76d8\u53ea\u80fd\u4e0e\u52a0\u5bc6\u7684\u6570\u636e\u8fdb\u884c\u4ea4\u4e92\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u6570\u636e\u5df2\u7ecf\u88abHDFS\u52a0\u5bc6\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>\u67b6\u6784\u8bf4\u660e<\/h3>\n<hr \/>\n<p>HDFS\u7684\u900f\u660e\u52a0\u5bc6\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\uff0c\u52a0\u5bc6\u533a\u57df\uff08the encryption zone\uff09\u3002\u52a0\u5bc6\u533a\u57df\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7279\u6b8a\u7684\u76ee\u5f55\uff0c\u5199\u5165\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u4f1a\u88ab\u900f\u660e\u52a0\u5bc6\uff0c\u8bfb\u53d6\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u53c8\u4f1a\u88ab\u900f\u660e\u89e3\u5bc6\u3002\u5f53\u52a0\u5bc6\u533a\u57df\u88ab\u521b\u5efa\u65f6\uff0c\u90fd\u4f1a\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u52a0\u5bc6\u533a\u57df\u79d8\u94a5\uff08encryption zone key\uff09\u4e0e\u4e4b\u5bf9\u5e94\u3002\u52a0\u5bc6\u533a\u57df\u91cc\u7684\u6bcf\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u90fd\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u552f\u4e00\u7684\u6570\u636e\u52a0\u5bc6\u79d8\u94a5\uff08DEK\uff0cdata encryption key\uff09\u3002HDFS\u4e0d\u4f1a\u76f4\u63a5\u5904\u7406DEK\uff0cHDFS\u53ea\u4f1a\u5904\u7406\u52a0\u5bc6\u540e\u7684DEK\uff08encrypted data encryption key\uff0cEDEK\uff09\u3002\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u4f1a\u89e3\u5bc6EDEK\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u7528\u540e\u7eed\u7684DEK\u6765\u8bfb\u53d6\u548c\u5199\u5165\u6570\u636e\u3002HDFS\u7684DataNode\u53ea\u80fd\u770b\u5230\u4e00\u4e32\u52a0\u5bc6\u5b57\u8282\u3002<\/p>\n<p>HDFS\u652f\u6301\u5d4c\u5957\u7684\u52a0\u5bc6\u533a\u57df\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u80fd\u5728\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\u90e8\u5206\u4f7f\u7528\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u52a0\u5bc6\u533a\u57df\u79d8\u94a5\u3002\u5728\u521b\u5efa\u52a0\u5bc6\u533a\u57df\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u662f\u6839\u76ee\u5f55\/\uff0c\u7528\u6237\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u79d8\u94a5\u5728\u5b50\u76ee\u5f55\u6bd4\u5982\/home\/fayson\u4e0a\u521b\u5efa\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u52a0\u5bc6\u533a\u57df\u3002\u6587\u4ef6\u7684EDEK\u4f1a\u4f7f\u7528\u6700\u8fd1\u7684\uff08the closet ancestor\uff09\u52a0\u5bc6\u533a\u7684\u79d8\u94a5\u751f\u6210\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5982\u679c\u8981\u542f\u7528HDFS\u7684\u900f\u660e\u52a0\u5bc6\uff0c\u4f60\u9700\u8981\u5b89\u88c5\u4e00\u4e2a\u989d\u5916\u7684\u670d\u52a1\uff0cKMS(Hadoop Key Management Server)\uff0c\u7528\u6765\u7ba1\u7406\u79d8\u94a5\u3002KMS\u4e3b\u8981\u6709\u4ee5\u4e0b\u51e0\u4e2a\u804c\u8d23\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-ruby\">1.\u63d0\u4f9b\u8bbf\u95ee\u4fdd\u5b58\u7684\u52a0\u5bc6\u533a\u57df\u7684\u79d8\u94a5\n2.\u751f\u6210\u5b58\u50a8\u5728NameNode\u4e0a\u7684\u52a0\u5bc6\u540e\u7684\u6570\u636e\u52a0\u5bc6\u79d8\u94a5\uff08EDEK\uff09\n3.\u4e3aHDFS\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u89e3\u5bc6EDEK<\/code><\/pre>\n<h3>\u8be6\u7ec6\u8bf4\u660e<\/h3>\n<hr \/>\n<h4>1. \u5b89\u88c5KMS<\/h4>\n<h5>1.1 \u5b89\u88c5Guardian\u5e76\u6574\u4f53\u5f00\u542fKerberos<\/h5>\n<h5>1.2 Guardian\u4e2d\u521b\u5efakeyadmin\u7528\u6237\u4f5c\u4e3aKMS\u79d8\u94a5\u7ba1\u7406\u5458<\/h5>\n<p>\u4e00\u822c\u5728\u4f01\u4e1a\u6765\u8bf4\uff0cHadoop\u5e73\u53f0\u7684\u7ba1\u7406\u5458\u53ef\u80fd\u662fHDFS\u8d85\u7ea7\u7528\u6237\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u540e\u7aef\u7684\u79d8\u94a5\u5b58\u50a8\u5e93\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u53e6\u5916\u7684DBA\u7ba1\u7406\u5458\uff0c\u81f3\u5c11\u8981\u4e24\u4e2a\u4eba\u4e00\u8d77\u8054\u5408\u8d77\u6765\u5e72\u574f\u4e8b\uff0c\u624d\u80fd\u89e3\u5bc6\u5b83\u4e0d\u8be5\u770b\u7684\u6570\u636e\u3002\u8fd9\u4e5f\u662f\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48KMS\u9ed8\u8ba4\u4f7f\u7528keyadmin\u7528\u6237\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5bc6\u94a5\u7ba1\u7406\u5458\u7684\u539f\u56e0\u3002\u6743\u9650\u5206\u79bb\u6765\u4fdd\u8bc1\u6570\u636e\u7684\u6700\u7ec8\u5b89\u5168\u3002<\/p>\n<h5>1.3 \u5b89\u88c5KMS\u7ec4\u4ef6<\/h5>\n<h5>1.4 HDFS\u65b0\u589e\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u53c2\u6570<\/h5>\n<p>\u65b0\u589e\u5982\u4e0b2\u4e2a\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u53c2\u6570\uff0c\u5176\u4e2dip\u548cport\u5206\u522b\u4e3aKMS\u7ec4\u4ef6\u7684KMS Server IP \u548c kms.http.port\u53c2\u6570<\/p>\n<p>\u53c2\u6570\uff1a<code>hadoop.security.key.provider.path<\/code><br \/>\n\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\uff1acore-site.xml<br \/>\n\u503c\u683c\u5f0f\u4e3a\uff1a<a href=\"mailto:code&gt;kms:\/\/http@tdh-test1:16000\/kms&lt;\/code\">code&gt;kms:\/\/http@tdh-test1:16000\/kms<\/a><\/p>\n<p>\u53c2\u6570\uff1a<code>dfs.encryption.key.provider.uri<\/code><br \/>\n\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\uff1ahdfs-site.xml<br \/>\n\u503c\u683c\u5f0f\u4e3a\uff1a<a href=\"mailto:code&gt;kms:\/\/http@tdh-test1:16000\/kms&lt;\/code\">code&gt;kms:\/\/http@tdh-test1:16000\/kms<\/a><\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/image-1610433432351.png\" alt=\"file\" \/><\/p>\n<h5>1.5 HDFS\u914d\u7f6e\u670d\u52a1\u5e76\u91cd\u542f<\/h5>\n<h4>2. inceptor\u6570\u636e\u5f00\u542f\u900f\u660e\u52a0\u5bc6<\/h4>\n<p>\u7531\u4e8einceptor\u4e0ahdfs\u7684\u6570\u636e\u90fd\u662f\u6709hive\u7528\u6237\u6765\u64cd\u4f5c\u7684\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u6211\u4eec\u53ea\u9700\u8981\u5bf9hive\u79df\u6237\u6dfb\u52a0\u5bf9\u52a0\u5bc6\u57df\u7684\u652f\u6301\u5373\u53ef\u3002<\/p>\n<h5>2.1 \u5728KMS\u914d\u7f6e\u9875\u9762\u6dfb\u52a0\u4ee5\u4e0b\u53c2\u6570\u5230 kms-acls.xml \u4e2d<\/h5>\n<p>\u53c2\u6570\uff1a<code>key.acl.inceptor1-key.READ<\/code><br \/>\n\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\uff1akms-acls.xml<br \/>\n\u503c\u4e3a\uff1a<code>hive<\/code><\/p>\n<p>\u53c2\u6570\uff1a<code>key.acl.inceptor1-key.DECRYPT_EEK<\/code><br \/>\n\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\uff1akms-acls.xml<br \/>\n\u503c\u4e3a\uff1a<code>hive<\/code><\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/image-1610433677509.png\" alt=\"file\" \/><\/p>\n<h5>2.2 \u4ee5 keyadmin \u8eab\u4efd\u767b\u5f55\uff0c\u6267\u884c\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u521b\u5efa inceptor \u52a0\u5bc6\u79d8\u94a5<\/h5>\n<pre><code class=\"language-shell\">&gt; hadoop key create inceptor1-key<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u6ce8\u610f\uff1a\u5728\u521b\u5efa\u79d8\u94a5\u65f6\uff0c\u53d1\u73b0\u65e0\u8bba\u662fhdfs\u8d85\u7ea7\u7528\u6237\u8fd8\u662f\u5176\u4ed6\u7528\u6237\u90fd\u65e0\u6cd5\u521b\u5efa\u6210\u529f\uff0c\u5fc5\u987b\u4f7f\u7528\u6211\u4eec\u5728\u5b89\u88c5\u914d\u7f6eKMS\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u8bbe\u7f6e\u7684\u79d8\u94a5\u7ba1\u7406\u5458keyadmin\u3002<\/p>\n<p>KMS\u53c2\u6570\u914d\u7f6e\u4e2d\uff0chadoop.kms.acl.CREATE\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662fACL for create-key operations\uff0c\u9ed8\u8ba4\u4e3akeyadmin\u3002<\/p>\n<h5>2.3 \u4ee5 hdfs \u8eab\u4efd\u767b\u5f55\uff0c\u6267\u884c\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u521b\u5efa\u52a0\u5bc6\u533a<\/h5>\n<pre><code class=\"language-shell\">&gt; hadoop fs -mkdir \/inceptor1-encrypt\n&gt; hadoop fs -chown hive:hive \/inceptor1-encrypt\n&gt; hdfs crypto -createZone -keyName inceptor1-key -path \/inceptor1-encrypt<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u6ce8\u610f\uff1a\u8fd9\u91cc\u9700\u8981\u4f7f\u7528hdfs\u8d85\u7ea7\u7528\u6237<\/p>\n<h5>2.4 \u505c\u6b62 inceptor \u670d\u52a1\u6216\u8005\u786e\u4fdd inceptor \u6ca1\u6709\u65b0\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5199\u5165<\/h5>\n<h5>2.5 \u4ee5 hive \u8eab\u4efd\u767b\u5f55\uff0c\u5c06 Inceptor \u6570\u636e\u62f7\u8d1d\u5230\u52a0\u5bc6\u533a<\/h5>\n<pre><code class=\"language-shell\">&gt; hadoop fs -cp -p \/inceptor1\/* \/inceptor1-encrypt<\/code><\/pre>\n<h5>2.6 \u5907\u4efd\u539f\u59cb\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06\u52a0\u5bc6\u6570\u636e\u76ee\u5f55\u79fb\u52a8\u5230\u52a0\u5bc6\u533a<\/h5>\n<pre><code class=\"language-shell\">&gt; hadoop fs -mv \/inceptor1 \/inceptor1-bak\n&gt; hadoop fs -mv \/inceptor1-encrypt \/inceptor1<\/code><\/pre>\n<h5>2.7 \u6d4b\u8bd5 Inceptor \u6570\u636e\u662f\u5426\u5b8c\u6574\u80fd\u8bbf\u95ee\uff0c\u786e\u8ba4\u540e\u5220\u9664\u5907\u4efd\u7684Inceptor\u6570\u636e (\/inceptor1-bak)<\/h5>\n<h4>3. \u9a8c\u8bc1\u65b9\u6cd5<\/h4>\n<h5>3.1 \u4e0d\u540c\u7528\u6237\u4e0a\u4f20\u4e0b\u8f7d\u64cd\u4f5c<\/h5>\n<pre><code class=\"language-shell\">## hive\u79df\u6237\u4e0a\u4f20\u4e0b\u8f7d\uff0c\u5e76\u67e5\u770b\u6587\u4ef6\uff0cSucess\n[root@tdh-test1~]$ cat test\ntest is successful !\n\n[root@tdh-test1~]$ kinit hive\nPassword for hive@TDH:\n\n[root@tdh-test1~]$ hadoop fs -put .\/test \/inceptor1\n2021-01-12 05:49:24,678 INFO util.KerberosUtil: Using principal pattern: HTTP\/_HOST\n\n[root@tdh-test1~]$ hadoop fs -ls \/inceptor1\n2021-01-12 05:49:34,656 INFO util.KerberosUtil: Using principal pattern: HTTP\/_HOST\nFound 3 items\n-rw-r--r--   3 hive hive         21 2021-01-12 05:49 \/inceptor1\/test\ndrwxr-xr-x   - hive hive          0 2021-01-12 01:45 \/inceptor1\/tmp\ndrwxr-xr-x   - hive hive          0 2021-01-12 01:45 \/inceptor1\/user\n\n[root@tdh-test1~]$ hadoop fs -get \/inceptor1\/test .\/testout\n2021-01-12 06:06:23,277 INFO util.KerberosUtil: Using principal pattern: HTTP\/_HOST\n\n[root@tdh-test1~]$ ll\n\u603b\u7528\u91cf 1338628\n-rw-r--r--.  1 root root        270 1\u6708  11 02:55 cookies.txt\ndrwxr-xr-x. 13 root root       4096 1\u6708  11 09:30 TDH-Client\n-rw-r--r--.  1 root root 1370736640 1\u6708  11 02:57 tdh-client 1.tar\n-rw-r--r--.  1 root root         21 1\u6708  12 05:45 test\n-rw-r--r--.  1 root root         21 1\u6708  12 06:06 testout\n\n[root@tdh-test1~]$ cat testout\ntest is successful !<\/code><\/pre>\n<pre><code class=\"language-shell\">## guardian\u65b0\u5efatestuser\u79df\u6237\u4e0a\u4f20\u4e0b\u8f7d\uff0cFailed\uff08\u914d\u7f6etestuser\u79df\u6237\u5bf9\u76ee\u5f55\u7684admin\/access\u6743\u9650\uff09\n[root@tdh-test1~]$ kinit testuser\nPassword for testuser@TDH:\n\n[root@tdh-test1~]$ hadoop fs -put .\/test \/inceptor1\n2021-01-12 05:47:52,578 INFO util.KerberosUtil: Using principal pattern: HTTP\/_HOST\nput: User [testuser] is not authorized to perform [DECRYPT_EEK] on key with ACL name [inceptor1-key]!!\n2021-01-12 05:47:54,624 ERROR hdfs.DFSClient: Failed to close inode 21360\norg.apache.hadoop.ipc.RemoteException(org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.server.namenode.LeaseExpiredException): No lease on \/inceptor1\/test._COPYING_ (inode 21360): File does not exist. Holder DFSClient_NONMAPREDUCE_-978982774_1 does not have any open files.\n    at org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.server.namenode.FSNamesystem.checkLease(FSNamesystem.java:3503)\n    at org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.server.namenode.FSNamesystem.completeFileInternal(FSNamesystem.java:3580)\n    at org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.server.namenode.FSNamesystem.completeFile(FSNamesystem.java:3557)\n    at org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.server.namenode.NameNodeRpcServer.complete(NameNodeRpcServer.java:784)\n    at org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.protocolPB.ClientNamenodeProtocolServerSideTranslatorPB.complete(ClientNamenodeProtocolServerSideTranslatorPB.java:537)\n    at org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.protocol.proto.ClientNamenodeProtocolProtos$ClientNamenodeProtocol$2.callBlockingMethod(ClientNamenodeProtocolProtos.java)\n    at org.apache.hadoop.ipc.ProtobufRpcEngine$Server$ProtoBufRpcInvoker.call(ProtobufRpcEngine.java:616)\n    at org.apache.hadoop.ipc.RPC$Server.call(RPC.java:969)\n    at org.apache.hadoop.ipc.Server$Handler$1.run(Server.java:2225)\n    at org.apache.hadoop.ipc.Server$Handler$1.run(Server.java:2221)\n    at java.security.AccessController.doPrivileged(Native Method)\n    at javax.security.auth.Subject.doAs(Subject.java:415)\n    at org.apache.hadoop.security.UserGroupInformation.doAs(UserGroupInformation.java:2197)\n    at org.apache.hadoop.ipc.Server$Handler.run(Server.java:2219)\n    at org.apache.hadoop.ipc.Client.call(Client.java:1485)\n    at org.apache.hadoop.ipc.Client.call(Client.java:1422)\n    at org.apache.hadoop.ipc.ProtobufRpcEngine$Invoker.invoke(ProtobufRpcEngine.java:229)\n    at com.sun.proxy.$Proxy10.complete(Unknown Source)\n    at org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.protocolPB.ClientNamenodeProtocolTranslatorPB.complete(ClientNamenodeProtocolTranslatorPB.java:462)\n    at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)\n    at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62)\n    at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)\n    at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:498)\n    at org.apache.hadoop.io.retry.RetryInvocationHandler.invokeMethod(RetryInvocationHandler.java:191)\n    at org.apache.hadoop.io.retry.RetryInvocationHandler.invoke(RetryInvocationHandler.java:102)\n    at com.sun.proxy.$Proxy11.complete(Unknown Source)\n    at org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.DFSOutputStream.completeFile(DFSOutputStream.java:2539)\n    at org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.DFSOutputStream.closeImpl(DFSOutputStream.java:2516)\n    at org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.DFSOutputStream.close(DFSOutputStream.java:2481)\n    at org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.DFSClient.closeAllFilesBeingWritten(DFSClient.java:946)\n    at org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.DFSClient.closeOutputStreams(DFSClient.java:978)\n    at org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.DistributedFileSystem.close(DistributedFileSystem.java:1076)\n    at org.apache.hadoop.fs.FileSystem$Cache.closeAll(FileSystem.java:2775)\n    at org.apache.hadoop.fs.FileSystem$Cache$ClientFinalizer.run(FileSystem.java:2792)\n    at org.apache.hadoop.util.ShutdownHookManager$1.run(ShutdownHookManager.java:54)\n\n[root@tdh-test1~]$ hadoop fs -get \/inceptor1\/test\n2021-01-12 06:10:29,319 INFO util.KerberosUtil: Using principal pattern: HTTP\/_HOST\nget: User [testuser] is not authorized to perform [DECRYPT_EEK] on key with ACL name [inceptor1-key]!!<\/code><\/pre>\n<h5>3.2 \u67e5\u770b\u6570\u636e\u6587\u4ef6\u5185\u5bb9<\/h5>\n<p><strong>\u68c0\u67e5\u975e\u52a0\u5bc6\u533a\u6587\u4ef6\u5185\u5bb9\uff1a<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u91cc\u53ef\u4ee5\u9009\u62e9\u901a\u8fc7HDFS\u768450070\u9875\u9762\uff0c\u67e5\u770bblock\u5206\u5e03\u5728\u54ea\u53f0DataNode\u4e0a\uff1a<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/image-1610501059642.png\" alt=\"file\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7hdfs\u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u83b7\u53d6\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-shell\">[root@tdh-test1~]$ hdfs fsck \/tmp\/test -files -blocks -locations\n2021-01-12 05:58:45,860 INFO util.KerberosUtil: Using principal pattern: HTTP\/_HOST\nConnecting to namenode via http:\/\/tdh-test3:50070\/fsck?ugi=hdfs&amp;files=1&amp;blocks=1&amp;locations=1&amp;path=%2Ftmp%2Ftest\nFSCK started by hdfs (auth:KERBEROS_SSL) from \/172.22.16.18 for path \/tmp\/test at Tue Jan 12 05:58:47 CST 2021\n\/tmp\/test 21 bytes, 1 block(s):  OK\n0. BP-958374365-172.22.16.19-1608257603692:blk_1073745675_4860 len=21 repl=3 [DatanodeInfoWithStorage[172.22.16.20:50010,DS-1d8f9111-d978-4d65-9d8a-f67bed172ca0,DISK], DatanodeInfoWithStorage[172.22.16.18:50010,DS-aade77ae-f970-4835-99e2-59de4b349565,DISK], DatanodeInfoWithStorage[172.22.16.19:50010,DS-add9827c-d1bc-452e-9589-152f9072b016,DISK]]\n\nStatus: HEALTHY\nTotal size:    21 B\nTotal dirs:    0\nTotal files:    1\nTotal symlinks:        0\nTotal blocks (validated):    1 (avg. block size 21 B)\nMinimally replicated blocks:    1 (100.0 %)\nOver-replicated blocks:    0 (0.0 %)\nUnder-replicated blocks:    0 (0.0 %)\nMis-replicated blocks:        0 (0.0 %)\nDefault replication factor:    3\nAverage block replication:    3.0\nCorrupt blocks:        0\nMissing replicas:        0 (0.0 %)\nNumber of data-nodes:        3\nNumber of racks:        1\nFSCK ended at Tue Jan 12 05:58:47 CST 2021 in 1 milliseconds\n\nThe filesystem under path '\/tmp\/test' is HEALTHY\n\n[root@tdh-test1~]$ find \/mnt\/disk* -name 'blk_1073745675*'\n\/mnt\/disk2\/hadoop\/data\/current\/BP-958374365-172.22.16.19-1608257603692\/current\/finalized\/subdir0\/subdir15\/blk_1073745675\n\/mnt\/disk2\/hadoop\/data\/current\/BP-958374365-172.22.16.19-1608257603692\/current\/finalized\/subdir0\/subdir15\/blk_1073745675_4860.meta<\/code><\/pre>\n<pre><code class=\"language-shell\">[root@tdh-test1~]$ cat \/mnt\/disk2\/hadoop\/data\/current\/BP-958374365-172.22.16.19-1608257603692\/current\/finalized\/subdir0\/subdir15\/blk_1073745675\ntest is successful !<\/code><\/pre>\n<p><strong>\u68c0\u67e5\u52a0\u5bc6\u533a\u6587\u4ef6\u5185\u5bb9\uff1a<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u91cc\u53ef\u4ee5\u9009\u62e9\u901a\u8fc7HDFS\u768450070\u9875\u9762\uff0c\u67e5\u770bblock\u5206\u5e03\u5728\u54ea\u53f0DataNode\u4e0a\uff1a<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/image-1610500918932.png\" alt=\"file\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7hdfs\u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u83b7\u53d6\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-shell\">[root@tdh-test1~]$ hdfs fsck \/inceptor1\/test -files -blocks -locations\n2021-01-12 06:01:25,620 INFO util.KerberosUtil: Using principal pattern: HTTP\/_HOST\nConnecting to namenode via http:\/\/tdh-test3:50070\/fsck?ugi=hdfs&amp;files=1&amp;blocks=1&amp;locations=1&amp;path=%2Finceptor1%2Ftest\nFSCK started by hdfs (auth:KERBEROS_SSL) from \/172.22.16.18 for path \/inceptor1\/test at Tue Jan 12 06:01:27 CST 2021\n\/inceptor1\/test 21 bytes, 1 block(s):  OK\n0. BP-958374365-172.22.16.19-1608257603692:blk_1073745670_4855 len=21 repl=3 [DatanodeInfoWithStorage[172.22.16.18:50010,DS-9f0d79c6-557c-46b4-84d9-c6ad8e038c8d,DISK], DatanodeInfoWithStorage[172.22.16.19:50010,DS-2b035d2f-0569-44fb-968a-d29f073b678f,DISK], DatanodeInfoWithStorage[172.22.16.20:50010,DS-52e720e1-fc4f-4778-a891-92c0a070264e,DISK]]\n\nStatus: HEALTHY\nTotal size:    21 B\nTotal dirs:    0\nTotal files:    1\nTotal symlinks:        0\nTotal blocks (validated):    1 (avg. block size 21 B)\nMinimally replicated blocks:    1 (100.0 %)\nOver-replicated blocks:    0 (0.0 %)\nUnder-replicated blocks:    0 (0.0 %)\nMis-replicated blocks:        0 (0.0 %)\nDefault replication factor:    3\nAverage block replication:    3.0\nCorrupt blocks:        0\nMissing replicas:        0 (0.0 %)\nNumber of data-nodes:        3\nNumber of racks:        1\nFSCK ended at Tue Jan 12 06:01:27 CST 2021 in 1 milliseconds\n\nThe filesystem under path '\/inceptor1\/test' is HEALTHY\n\n[root@tdh-test1~]$ find \/mnt\/disk* -name 'blk_1073745670*'\n\/mnt\/disk1\/hadoop\/data\/current\/BP-958374365-172.22.16.19-1608257603692\/current\/finalized\/subdir0\/subdir15\/blk_1073745670\n\/mnt\/disk1\/hadoop\/data\/current\/BP-958374365-172.22.16.19-1608257603692\/current\/finalized\/subdir0\/subdir15\/blk_1073745670_4855.meta<\/code><\/pre>\n<pre><code class=\"language-shell\">[root@tdh-test1~]$ cat \/mnt\/disk1\/hadoop\/data\/current\/BP-958374365-172.22.16.19-1608257603692\/current\/finalized\/subdir0\/subdir15\/blk_1073745670\n\udb2c\udc46\u02ff&amp;+\u00ac\u0541    3\u03624X<\/code><\/pre>\n<h5>3.2 \/.reserved\/raw\u65b9\u5f0f\u67e5\u770b\u6570\u636e\u6587\u4ef6\u5185\u5bb9<\/h5>\n<p>\u4e3a\u4e86\u5728\u4f7f\u7528HDFS\u52a0\u5bc6\u65f6\u542f\u7528\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u6d41\u7a0b\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5f15\u5165\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u7684\u865a\u62df\u8def\u5f84\u524d\u7f00\/.reserved\/raw\/\uff0c\u5b83\u5141\u8bb8\u8d85\u7ea7\u7528\u6237\u76f4\u63a5\u8bbf\u95ee\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u7684\u5e95\u5c42\u5757\u6570\u636e\u3002<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-shell\"># \u4ee5Superuser\u7528\u6237hdfs\u767b\u5f55\uff0c\u67e5\u770b\u52a0\u5bc6\u6587\u4ef6\u548c\u975e\u52a0\u5bc6\u6587\u4ef6\n[root@tdh-test1~]$ kinit hdfs\nPassword for hdfs@TDH:\n\n[root@tdh-test1~]$ hdfs dfs -ls \/.reserved\/raw\n2021-01-12 06:12:52,165 INFO util.KerberosUtil: Using principal pattern: HTTP\/_HOST\nFound 7 items\ndrwx--x--x   - hbase hbase           0 2021-01-10 13:51 \/.reserved\/raw\/hyperbase1\ndrwxr-xr-x   - hive  hive            0 2021-01-12 06:08 \/.reserved\/raw\/inceptor1\ndrwx--x--x   - hive  hive            0 2020-12-25 07:46 \/.reserved\/raw\/inceptor1-bak\ndrwxr-xr-x   - hive  hbase           0 2021-01-12 01:59 \/.reserved\/raw\/inceptor1-encrypt\ndrwxrwxrwt   - hdfs  hadoop          0 2021-01-12 05:56 \/.reserved\/raw\/tmp\ndrwxrwxrwt   - hdfs  hadoop          0 2021-01-12 05:53 \/.reserved\/raw\/user\ndrwxr-xr-x   - hdfs  hbase           0 2020-12-18 10:17 \/.reserved\/raw\/yarn1\n\n[root@tdh-test1~]$ hadoop fs -cat \/.reserved\/raw\/inceptor1\/test\n2021-01-12 06:13:25,513 INFO util.KerberosUtil: Using principal pattern: HTTP\/_HOST\n\udb2c\udc46\u02ff&amp;+\u00ac\u0541    3\u03624X\n\n[root@tdh-test1~]$ hadoop fs -cat \/.reserved\/raw\/tmp\/test\n2021-01-12 06:14:16,814 INFO util.KerberosUtil: Using principal pattern: HTTP\/_HOST\ntest is successful !<\/code><\/pre>\n<h4>4. FAQ<\/h4>\n<h5>4.1 \u91cd\u547d\u540d\u548c\u5783\u573e\u6876\u7684\u8003\u8651<\/h5>\n<p>\u5173\u4e8etrash\u7684\u8bdd\uff0c\u201cHadoop 2.8.0\u4e4b\u524d\u7684crypto\u547d\u4ee4\u4e0d\u4f1a\u81ea\u52a8\u914d\u7f6e.Trash\u76ee\u5f55\u201d\uff0c\u76ee\u524d\u7684\u7248\u672c\u5e94\u8be5\u662f\u6ca1\u6709\u81ea\u52a8\u914d\u7f6e\u5f53\u524d\u8def\u5f84trash\u76ee\u5f55\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u4f1a\u53bb\u627e\u4e3b\u76ee\u5f55\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u6743\u9650\u95ee\u9898\u5176\u5b9e\u662f\u79fb\u52a8\u4e0d\u4e86\u7684\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u53ef\u4ee5\u8ba4\u4e3a\u662f\u52a0\u5bc6\u533atrash\u529f\u80fd\u6682\u4e0d\u652f\u6301\u3002<\/p>\n<h5>4.2 \u5173\u95ed\u900f\u660e\u52a0\u5bc6<\/h5>\n<p>\u6682\u65f6\u8fd8\u6ca1\u770b\u5230\u6709\u63d0\u4f9b\u9006\u5411\u5de5\u7a0b\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u5173\u95edkms\u5e76\u4e0d\u4f1a\u5bf9\u52a0\u5bc6\u533a\u8fdb\u884c\u89e3\u5bc6\u7684\u3002\u52a0\u5bc6\u533a\u4e2d\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u4f1a\u5904\u4e8e\u52a0\u5bc6\u7684\u72b6\u6001\uff0c\u53ea\u662f\u7f3a\u5c11\u4e86kms\u4f1a\u53d6\u4e0d\u5230\u5bc6\u94a5\u6765\u8bfb\u53d6\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u6982\u8981\u63cf\u8ff0 \u6570\u636e\u52a0\u5bc6\u662f\u5b89\u5168\u7ea7\u522b\u8981\u6c42\u8f83\u9ad8\u4f01\u4e1a\u6240\u5fc5\u987b\u7684\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u8bf4\u91d1\u878d\u884c\u4e1a\uff0c\u533b\u7597\u884c\u4e1a\u6216\u8005\u653f\u5e9c\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u77e5\u9053HDFS\u4e2d\u7684\u6570\u636e\u4f1a ..<\/p>\n<div class=\"clear-fix\"><\/div>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/kbwp.transwarp.cn\/?p=5038\" title=\"read more...\">Read more<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":12,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[34],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-5038","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-install"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/kbwp.transwarp.cn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5038","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/kbwp.transwarp.cn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/kbwp.transwarp.cn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kbwp.transwarp.cn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/12"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kbwp.transwarp.cn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=5038"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/kbwp.transwarp.cn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5038\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":17718,"href":"https:\/\/kbwp.transwarp.cn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5038\/revisions\/17718"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/kbwp.transwarp.cn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=5038"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kbwp.transwarp.cn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=5038"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kbwp.transwarp.cn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=5038"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}